How does SARS-CoV-2 evade the immune defences?

As most of pathogens, SARS-CoV-2 can be recognized by pattern recognition receptors on innate. Normally, this recognition helps the innate immunity to eliminate the infection or to activate the adaptive immune responses, however, SARS-CoV-2 can use its proteins such as M, N, NSP1 and PLpro to interfere with these pathways.

Beyond Shielding: The Roles of Glycans in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

The role of host genetics in the immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 and COVID‐19 susceptibility and severity - Ovsyannikova - 2020 - Immunological Reviews - Wiley Online Library

Virologica Sinica

Immunology and Technology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccines

The molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 evading host antiviral innate immunity, Virology Journal

Innate immune sensing of coronavirus and viral evasion strategies

The battle between host and SARS-CoV-2: Innate immunity and viral evasion strategies: Molecular Therapy

Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5: Evolving tropism and evasion of potent humoral responses and resistance to clinical immunotherapeutics relative to viral variants of concern - eBioMedicine

Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

Shared Mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 Variants' Immune Evasion Revealed

Does COVID really damage your immune system and make you more vulnerable to infections? The evidence is lacking