Sensors, Free Full-Text
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 15 abril 2025

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is growing rapidly, while the IoT devices are being deployed massively. However, interoperability with information systems remains a major challenge for this accelerated device deployment. Furthermore, most of the time, IoT information is presented as Time Series (TS), and while the majority of the studies in the literature focus on the prediction, compression, or processing of TS, no standardized representation format has emerged. Moreover, apart from interoperability, IoT networks contain multiple constrained devices which are designed with limitations, e.g., processing power, memory, or battery life. Therefore, in order to reduce the interoperability challenges and increase the lifetime of IoT devices, this article introduces a new format for TS based on CBOR. The format exploits the compactness of CBOR by leveraging delta values to represent measurements, employing tags to represent variables, and utilizing templates to convert the TS data representation into the appropriate format for the cloud-based application. Moreover, we introduce a new refined and structured metadata to represent additional information for the measurements, then we provide a Concise Data Definition Language (CDDL) code to validate the CBOR structures against our proposal, and finally, we present a detailed performance evaluation to validate the adaptability and the extensibility of our approach. Our performance evaluation results show that the actual data sent by IoT devices can be reduced by between 88% and 94% compared to JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), between 82% and 91% compared to Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) and ASN.1, and between 60% and 88% compared to Protocol buffers. At the same time, it can reduce Time-on-Air by between 84% and 94% when a Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) technology such as LoRaWAN is employed, leading to a 12-fold increase in battery life compared to CBOR format or between a 9-fold and 16-fold increase when compared to Protocol buffers and ASN.1, respectively. In addition, the proposed metadata represent an additional 0.5% of the overall data transmitted in cases where networks such as LPWAN or Wi-Fi are employed. Finally, the proposed template and data format provide a compact representation of TS that can significantly reduce the amount of data transmitted containing the same information, extend the battery life of IoT devices, and improve their lifetime. Moreover, the results show that the proposed approach is effective for different data types and it can be integrated seamlessly into existing IoT systems.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition: Early View

300+ Free ATS Resume Examples - Optimized for 2023

Sensors, Free Full-Text, Perrogator: A Portable Energy-Efficient Interrogator for Dynamic Monitoring of Wavelength-Ba…

iHealth Labs – iHealth Labs Inc

Bosch 0261230093 Original Equipment Fuel Pressure Sensor - Compatible With Select Ford E-150/250/350, Escape, Expedition, Explorer, F-150/250/350, Focus, Fusion, Mustang; Lincoln; Mazda; Mercury +More : Automotive

BOSCH Professional GIS 1000 C Thermo Bluetooth Thermal Camera Scanner Detector Infrared Thermal Imager / Thermal Scanner

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Journal

1PCS WFS3-40N415 6043920 Sick Label Sensor 100% New & Original Genuine Fork Sensors WFS3-40P415 - AliExpress

Analysis & Sensing - Chemistry Europe - Wiley Online Library

Wi-Fi Motion Sensor w/ Message Alerts • Go Simple Home

Analysis & Sensing - Chemistry Europe - Wiley Online Library

Air Intake Pressure Sensor MAP Sensor 079800-4250 37830-PAA-S00 079800-3000 37830-P0G-S00 for Honda Civic Accord ODYSSEY CR-V - AliExpress

Air Intake Pressure Sensor MAP Sensor 079800-4250 37830-PAA-S00 079800-3000 37830-P0G-S00 for Honda Civic Accord ODYSSEY CR-V - AliExpress

Sensors for Pressure Mapping and Force Measurement
Recomendado para você
-
Rule 63 - Wikipedia15 abril 2025
-
by AilerSarah123 on DeviantArt15 abril 2025
-
Road - Wikipedia15 abril 2025
-
Urban Dictionary Definition of a Violist Viola jokes, Urban dictionary, Violinist15 abril 2025
-
Here's What You Can Do About Organic Reach Decline in 202315 abril 2025
-
Estimating national, demographic, and socioeconomic disparities in water insecurity experiences in low-income and middle-income countries in 2020–21: a cross-sectional, observational study using nationally representative survey data - The Lancet15 abril 2025
-
Horticulture, Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses15 abril 2025
-
South Asia - Wikipedia15 abril 2025
-
Sun Yat-sen - Wikipedia15 abril 2025
-
Teaching Financial Literacy: Why You Need to Start from a Young Age15 abril 2025
você pode gostar
-
Jovem mulher bonita jogando sinuca sozinha segurando o taco na mesa de bilhar15 abril 2025
-
Embracer confirms layoffs at Insurgency developer New World Interactive15 abril 2025
-
Caminhão arqueado: saiba tudo sobre - Declatrack Rastreamento Veicular15 abril 2025
-
PlayStation Plus Subscribers Can Currently Download These 24 Games for Free15 abril 2025
-
Ghost Hunt 02 Anime Afterglow15 abril 2025
-
Dinossauro De Brinquedo Kit Coleção Miniatura De Borracha - FUN GAME - Bonecos - Magazine Luiza15 abril 2025
-
Play Call of Duty Modern Warfare II for free on Steam! The March 2023 Free Access15 abril 2025
-
IBJJF World Championship 2016 - Black Belts Results and15 abril 2025
-
💙, Outfits para Gacha club15 abril 2025
-
É a primeira vez que uma mulher entra no top-10 absoluto nacional. Mas Filipa Pipiras quer mais: ser grande mestre e fazer xeque ao machismo15 abril 2025